Friday, May 24, 2019

Importance of Pakistan Location Essay

Geo strategical means the im airance of a rural or a share as by virtue of its geographical location. Geo political is defined as, stressing the influence of geographic factors on the present power, international conduct and advantages it derives from its location. Stephen Cohn describes this importance While history has been pitiless to Pakistan, its geography has been its prominentest benefit. It has resource rich area in the north- double-u, people rich in the north- eastside. Pakistan is a route for transportation, and a depend line kingdom against terrorism.Importance of Pakistan LocationLocation of PakistanPakistan is regain between 23 degrees.30 North to 37 degrees North Latitude and 61 degrees East to 77 degrees East Longitude. china lies in the north of Pakistan while Afghanistan and Iran are in the due west of it. India lies in the East and in the South is Arabian Sea.The Importance of LocationThe location of Pakistan is not only unique in the knowledge base but of special importance in South Asia. Pakistan links the east with the west. Some important neighbouring countries of Pakistan are as under. chinawareThere is 600 km long territory of Pakistan along the wall of China. Both countries pass on political, cultural and trade relations with each other. There is a close cooperation between the two countries in heavy machine industry and many other departments. Silk, cloth, machines etc. are imported from China.IndiaIndia is a Hindu country in the East of Pakistan. There is a common border of 1600 kilometre in between these countries. Both countries are trying to solve their problems including Kashmir. Due to this enmity, wars of 1948, 1965 and 1971 have been fought between the two countries. In the last war, our one wing East Pakistan got separated from us due to this enmity. India is always busy in conspiracy by the cooperation of a super power despite of knowing that it is better for the wel furthermoste of both countries to developplea sant terms .Fifteen crore Islamics live in India. Their protection is besides a big problem. central Asian Islamic CountriesPakistan has religious, cultural and economic relation with the Central Asian Islamic Countries. Pakistan is the only country that provides them the nearest sea route and transport facilities. These countries lie in the North West of the Pakistan.AfghanistanAfghanistan is situated to the West of Pakistan. When the English got the control of sub-continent, according to a pact with Afghanistan in 1893, the persistent border between the two countries was marked which is called Durand Line. This line is about 2240 kilometers long with the border between Pakistan and Afghanistan. Both countries have old religious, cultural and trade terms.IranTo the West of Pakistan is the border of Iran along province of Balochistan. It is our Islamic brother country. Iran was the first country which recognized the existence of Pakistan in 1947. Iran has made political and trad e pacts known as R.C.D. Its name is E.C.O which means Discipline for Economic Cooperation. Iran openly befriended Pakistan during the wars of 1965 and 1971. Pakistan proves its fri end upship with Iran in every hour of need. Islamic revolution has come in Iran by the end of kingship. It has also better relations with Pakistan.Trade through Arabian SeaArabian Sea is in Indian Ocean. Most of the trade between east and west is done through Indian Ocean. Pakistan through Arabian Sea is linked with the Muslims Countries of Persian Gulf. All of them are rich in oil. In Karachi bin Qasim and Gwader are important seaports of Pakistan. In this respect South-East Asian Muslim countries (Indonesia, Malaysia, Burunai, Darussalam) and South Asian Muslim countries (Bangladesh, Maldives and SriLanka) are important.Strategic Importance of PakistanProximity of great powersPakistan is located at the junction of great powers. In its neighbors oneworld power Russia and the other emerging power china l ies. any alliance among world powers enhances its significance. This factor has been utilized by Pakistan after 9/11. Security and business are two main US interests in the region while Pakistan is playing a front line role in the war against terrorism. Apart from this US interest in the region to contain the festering china, nuclear Iran, terrorist Afghanistan and to benefit from the market of India.Today the political scenario of the region is tinged with preemption policy and US invasion of Iraq and Afghanistan. Irans nuclear program, Indias geopolitical muscles (new strategic deal with US) to gain hegemony and to counter the rise of China. Which has earned all the qualities to change unipolar world into bipolar world. In all these issues, Pakistan is directly or indirectly involved especially after al-Qaeda operations. The American think tank has repeatedly accepted that war against terrorism could never be won without the help of Pakistan.Gateway to Central Asia-(oil and ener gy game)Central Asia is the center stage of new Great games. Western quest for resources- oil and energy resources in the central Asia. subsequently USSR decline, new quest started which is as manifested by politics of oil. Pakistan is located very close to the oil rich Middle Eastern countries. The belt started from Iran and extended to Saudi-Arabian Arabia. Thus, Pakistan can influence shipment of oil. Iran is struggling to export its surplus gas and oil to eastern countries, Qatar, Pakistan and Turkmenistan pipeline projects highlight the position. In the energy scarce world, Pakistan is located in the hub of energy rich countries i-e Iran and Afghanistan both are energy abundant while India and china are lacking.China finds way to Indian Ocean and Arabian sea through Karakoram highway, Significance as a Transit economyPakistan has the potential to develop transit economy on account is its strategic location, unload locked Afghanistan now at the phase of reconstruction finds it s ways through Pakistan. China with its fastest economy harvest-feast rate of 9% us developing southern provinces because its own part is 4500 km away from Sinkiang but Gwader is 2500 km away. Moreover, Pakistan offers central Asian regions the shortest route of 2600 km as compared to Iran 4500 km or turkey 5000 km. gwader port with its deep watersattracts the trade ships of china, CAR and south east Asian countries., also the coastal belt of Balochistan can provide outlet to chinas western provinces to have access to middles eastern markets with the phylogeny of coastal highways and motorways.Important link in the chain of Muslim countriesIf we look at the map of Muslim countries, Pakistan occupies a central location. Towards west of Iran, china extends to North Africa. Thus it can actively participate in the activities of Muslim world-economic development, transport of resources and above all fight terrorism. Only Muslim country with nuclear capabilityIn the region Pakistan is the only Muslim country having nuclear capability which has great influence on the political, socio-economic activities in the region and the maintenance of status quo in the region.Chinas link to the Middle EastPakistan is the only direct and shortest link between China and the Middle East. Imagine the impact of China on the Middle East, if this link is fully functional. Gwadar carriage located in proximity of Arabian Gulf and Central Asian Republics provide it unique opportunity to serve both. Pakistan needs to capitalize on them through better diplomatic ties with Arab states and CARs. It is therefore anticipated that oil militia and other resources of CARs would gradually become the focus of world attention in coming years.However, in case of exports to and from CARs a peaceful and stable Afghanistan is must. The port provide also help in promoting trade with Gulf States possessing 63% of worlds oil reserves and result prove instrumental in promoting trans-shipment fundament ally of containerized cargo besides unlocking the development potential for hinter undercoat. The most important factor that makes Gawadar Port strategically unique is the location with respect to other major ports in the region, which are all located on the other side of the sea. Gwadar port being towards north can easily provide services and facilities to CARs, Afghanistan and China.Reduce Indian hegemony in the Arabian Sea and Indian OceanIndia has a shared interests with the U.S. and NATO in the subjection of Pakistan. Pakistan would cease to be a client state of the U.S. or a manageable state, because of a presumable revolution that would occur in the scenario of a broader war in the Middle East against Iran or a far larger Eurasian war involving China and Russia. Nuclear weapons in the hands of such a revolutionary government in Islamabad would be a threat to Indian national security, NATO operations in Afghanistan, and Israel. It is in the shared interests of the U.S., NATO, Israel, and India to neutralize such a strategic and tactical threat from emerging in Pakistan.This is why NATO has underpinned the objective of balkanizing Pakistan and why the U.S. has talked about taking over Pakistani nuclear facilities via the U.S. military. The subjection of Pakistan is also territorially and militarily to the advantage of New Delhi, because it would pass off a rival and allow India to gain territory that in the view of many Indians was lost with the partition of India in 1947.Economic Significance of Gwadar PortGwadar Port is Pakistans largest infrastructural project since independence. Gwadar Deep Seaport is located on the southwestern coast of Pakistan, close to the important Straits of Hormuz, through which more than 13 one million million million barrels of oil passes daily. Ever since the construction of Gwadar deep seaport has been undertaken, it is an opportunity for the people of Balochistan to improve the living conditions in their province. Neigh bouring countries are very much concerned in investing in Gwadar especially China and has already spent $248 million in its construction. The geographical and strategic location makes the Gwadar Deep Seaport at a much advantageous position than other competing ports, like Rashid and Jebel Ali ports of Dubai, Salalah Port of Oman, Bandar Abbas and Chahbahar ports of Iran. 95% trade takes place through sea in Pakistan. Karachi port is use 68% whereas Port Qasim takes care of 32% of the sea borne trade.The projected rise in total trade by the year 2015 is 91 million tons. This will increase shipping activity phenomenally at the existing port. Gwadar will help Pakistan to monitor the Sea Lines of Communications (SLOCs) originating from the Persian Gulf and bottle do at Strait of Hormuz. Both military and economic power now depends upon oil. It is expected that Gwadar city infuture would turn into an international hub of industrial and commercial-gradeized activity, which would not o nly play a key role in the economic development of Balochistan, but also the entire country. To facilitate rapid commercial and economic development, Gwadar will be declared a special economic zone for a certain period.The length of this period has not yet been determined. The SEZ is likely to cover the city of Gwadar and the industrial areas currently planned and foreseen. The specific incentives-regime is likely to include general tax-holidays, no VAT and generous incentives pertaining to business ownership and physical exercise of foreigners. The main purpose of this concept is to accelerate economic development and investments, both foreign and local, in general. This in turn will spur industrial development and port traffic throughput assume. It would also contribute more rapidly to employment creation and uplifting of the Gwadar district and of Balochistan.Trade Significance of Pakistan with Land Locked CountriesPakistann is located in the heart of three vital regions South Asia, Central Asia and West Asia and thus provides the shortest access to the sea for all landlocked countries of Central Asia besides Western China. It is a fast emerging junction for multiple corridors of cooperation between Afghan, China and CAR involving energy, trade and transportation. Communication and trade correlation between South, Central and West Asia fleeting through Pakistan has transformed our country into an economic center, giving a boost to inter-regional economic activity. Geographically bordered by Iran on the west, Afghanistan on the northwest, China on the northeast, and Arabian Sea lying in the south has promoted the multi-lateral trade with neighboring countries effectively from the last decades.Pakistan is blessed with three major seaports, i.e., Karachi port, Qasim Port and Gwadar port, along with Arabian Sea, which are the main passageway for the transportation via sea to Pakistan also it borders with Afghanistan and China. Geographically lack of a common border with any Central Asian state is one of the primary impediments to accessing the region. Tajikistan, which has borders with Afghanistan and China, is the most strategically located country from Pakistans standpoint. Wakhan Corridor, an area in far northeastern Afghanistan that connects Afghanistan and China, could be the most convenient land link between Pakistan and Tajikistan.Influence of U.S.A Invasion in Afghanistan on Trade of Pakistan The conflict and instability in Afghanistan in the aftermath of 9/11 attacks and their regional implications had very negative repercussions for the years following the US invasion of Afghanistan not only saw a huge influx of Afghan refugees across the border into Pakistan but also witnessed a sudden spike in the frequency and scale of terrorist attacks in Pakistan. The cumulative impact of these developments adversely impacted the overall growth rate in all major sectors of the economy.Pakistan continues to pay a heavy price both in the e conomic and security terms due to this military post and a substantial portion of precious national resources both men and material, have been diverted to address the emerging security challenges for the last several years. This occurrence disrupted Pakistans trading activities which not only resulted in higher costs of business but also created disruptions in the production cycles, resulting in momentous delays in meeting the export orders around the globe. As a result, Pakistani products have gradually lost their market share to their competitors. Consequently, economic growth slowed down, demand for imports reduced with declined tax collection and inflows of foreign investment.ConclusionFrom a general strategic point of view, Pakistan location is very important. Pakistan is a junction of south Asia, west Asia and central Asia a way from resource efficient countries to resource deficient countries. The world is facing energy crises and terrorism. Pakistan is a route for transpo rtation and a front line state against terrorism. Moreover Pakistan has been traditionally ally of emerging economic giant china. So in the vague of any change in world politics, Pakistans geo-strategic significance would further be enhanced.SuggestionsPakistan geography has been its greates benefit. It has resource rich areas, and today Pakistanis are a spirited, modern and forward looking nation and it is undoubtedly no overstatement that educated and passionate and zealous people possesses the most lush mind in the world. What is needed is to justchannelize energies of people and provide them opportunities to shine themselves and proper use of resources thereby bringing a incredible change to the fortune of Pakistan.Referenceshttp//defence.pk/threads/geo-strategic-significance-of-pakistan.269246/ixzz3JhbDa5Ru https//www.linkedin.com/today/post/article/20140520173701-91576495-afghan-car-and-chinese-transit-trade-through-pakistani-ports http//aboutpak.blogspot.com/2012/05/importan ce-of-location-of-pakistan-in.html http//www.pakistanaffairs.pk/threads/13740-Geo-Strategic-Significance-of-Pakistan Dailytimes 03-Jun-2014 Pakistan-lost-RS 8264 billion in war on terror

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